Agranulocytosis

Agranulocytosis - a syndrome characterized by complete or almost complete disappearance from the blood of granulocytes (granular leukocytes). Distinguish myelotoxic and immune agranulocytosis. Myelotoxic agranulocytosis may be in violation of Education of granulocytes in the bone marrow, for example under the influence of ionizing radiation, benzene vapor, cytotoxic drugs. 

Immune agranulocytosis observed during fracture of granulocytes in the blood that may have people with a heightened sensitivity to certain drugs (eg, diakarb, Amidopyrine, phenacetin, acetylsalicylic acid, analgin, phenylbutazone, phenobarbital, barbitalu, methyl tiouratsilu, sulfonamides, some antibiotics, drugs arsenic, bismuth, gold, mercury). The mechanism of this process is immune from conflict. Medicines, connecting with the protein acquire the properties of antigens, forming immune complexes, or autoantibodies that destroy granulocytes.

Clinically agranulocytosis usually manifests with fever, chills, and infectious processes, including more frequent canker, necrotic angina, pneumonia, abscesses and cellulitis of various locations. When myelotoxic agranulocytosis due to the reduction of blood platelets may also bleeding (nose, stomach, intestinal, etc.). The diagnosis was based on the pattern of peripheral blood, which is determined by reducing the number of white blood cells (less than 1000 in 1 ml) or the number of granulocytes (less than 750 in 1 ml). In cases of suspected agranulocytosis patients should be urgently sent to the doctor. Patients with agranulocytosis to be hospitalized. Timely and appropriate treatment, including mainly antibiotics and corticosteroids, usually leads to recovery. Prevention of a known etiological factor is reduced to the cessation of contact with them (for example, transfer to another job, the prohibition of taking the medication).